![]() Since the 1990s, the largest application of the element has been as caesium formate for drilling fluids, but it has a range of applications in the production of electricity, in electronics, and in chemistry. Since then, caesium has been widely used in highly accurate atomic clocks. In 1967, acting on Einstein's proof that the speed of light is the most constant dimension in the universe, the International System of Units used two specific wave counts from an emission spectrum of caesium-133 to co-define the second and the metre. The first small-scale applications for caesium were as a " getter" in vacuum tubes and in photoelectric cells. The German chemist Robert Bunsen and physicist Gustav Kirchhoff discovered caesium in 1860 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy. Reacting fluorine with caesium first time on camera.Caesium in water slow motion periodic table of videos.Caesium is mined mostly from pollucite, while the radioisotopes, especially caesium-137, a fission product, are extracted from waste produced by nuclear reactors. It has only one stable isotope, caesium-133. It is the least electronegative element, with a value of 0.79 on the Pauling scale. Some argue that caesium is the most reactive element of all, even more reactive than fluorine, the most reactive nonmetal. The metal is extremely reactive and pyrophoric, reacting with water even at −116 ☌ (−177 ☏). ![]() Caesium is an alkali metal and has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium. It is a soft, silvery- gold (or, according to some, silver/colorless) alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 ☌ (83.3 ☏), which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium or cesium is a chemical element with symbol Cs and atomic number 55.
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